Cell Structure and Function

Cell Structure and Cell Function

2.1

Cell Structure and Cell Function

Cell component	Function
Plasma membrane	Regulates the movement of substances across the cell and separates the contents of the cell from the external environment
Cell wall	Maintains the shape of plant cells, protects the plant cells from burst and provides strength and support to the plant cell
Cytoplasm	Acts as a medium for biochemical reactions of most living processes in the cell
Nucleus	Carries genetic information in the form of DNA
Vacuole	Stores nutrients, wastes and metabolic by-product
Ribosome	Synthesises proteins
Mitochondria	Synthesises ATP and as a site of cellular respiration
Rough endoplasmic reticulum	Transports proteins made by the ribosomes throughout the cell
Smooth endoplasmic reticulum	Synthesises lipids and carries detoxification of drugs
Golgi apparatus	Modifies, transports, sort and package the proteins and carbohydrates
Lisosome	Digests old and worn organelles and beakdown complex organic molecules
Centriole	Form spindle fibres during cell division
Chloroplast	Site of photosynthesis

Similarities of Plant Cell and Animal Cell

Differences between Plant Cell and Animal Cell
Plant Cell	Animal Cell
Has a fixed shape	Does not have a fixed shape
Has a cell wall	Does not have a cell wall
Has chloroplasts	Does not have a chloroplasts
Has a large vacuole	No vacuole
Stores carbohydrates in the form of starch	Stores carbohydrates in the form of glycogen
Does not have a centriole	Has centrioles

Cell Structure and Cell Function

2.1

Cell Structure and Cell Function

Cell component	Function
Plasma membrane	Regulates the movement of substances across the cell and separates the contents of the cell from the external environment
Cell wall	Maintains the shape of plant cells, protects the plant cells from burst and provides strength and support to the plant cell
Cytoplasm	Acts as a medium for biochemical reactions of most living processes in the cell
Nucleus	Carries genetic information in the form of DNA
Vacuole	Stores nutrients, wastes and metabolic by-product
Ribosome	Synthesises proteins
Mitochondria	Synthesises ATP and as a site of cellular respiration
Rough endoplasmic reticulum	Transports proteins made by the ribosomes throughout the cell
Smooth endoplasmic reticulum	Synthesises lipids and carries detoxification of drugs
Golgi apparatus	Modifies, transports, sort and package the proteins and carbohydrates
Lisosome	Digests old and worn organelles and beakdown complex organic molecules
Centriole	Form spindle fibres during cell division
Chloroplast	Site of photosynthesis

Similarities of Plant Cell and Animal Cell

Differences between Plant Cell and Animal Cell
Plant Cell	Animal Cell
Has a fixed shape	Does not have a fixed shape
Has a cell wall	Does not have a cell wall
Has chloroplasts	Does not have a chloroplasts
Has a large vacuole	No vacuole
Stores carbohydrates in the form of starch	Stores carbohydrates in the form of glycogen
Does not have a centriole	Has centrioles