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Temperature And Heat
Temperature And Heat
Temperature is a
physical quantity that indicates the internal energy
of a body, object or environment in general. Heat is the
exchange of thermal energy between two bodies that have different temperatures
. Heat flows from high-temperature areas to low-temperature areas.
6.1
Temperature And Heat
Heat is a form of
energy that is transferred because there is a difference in temperature
A material will become hotter when it receives heat, and will become colder when it loses heat
Heat
cannot be seen
but its presence
can be felt
.
Heat moves as
energy waves
, similar to other types of energy
Heat
can change the state of a substance
when the substance is heated or cooled
Heat can be released through chemical reaction. Heat is released together with other types of energy such as light.
Temperature
Temperature is a
degree of measurement for hotness or coldness in a substance.
The temperature is measured using a
thermometer.
The standard unit of temperature is degrees Celsius (symbol: ºC)
There are also other units of temperature measurement, namely degrees Fahrenheit (ºF) and degrees Kelvin (K).
Thermometer
The liquid in the thermometer will expand or shrink when exposed to different ambient temperatures
As the temperature of the substance decreases, the level of the liquid in the thermometer will decrease as the liquid shrinks
As the temperature of the substance increases, the level of the liquid in the realm of the thermometer will increase as the liquid expands
The correct techniques to measure temperature:
Hold the thermometer
upright
at the upper stem.
Do not hold the bulb
because the heat from our body will affect the temperature reading.
Immerse the bulb
in the water. Do not let the bulb of the thermometer to touch the bottom or the sides of the container.
When taking a reading, place
your eyes at the same level of the meniscus of the liquid
in the thermometer.
Expansion and contraction of matter
Matter is made of small particles called
atoms
. It exists as
solids, liquids,
and
gases.
When a matter is
heated
, it gains heat.
Heat energy causes the
atoms to move faster.
The atoms begin to
move away
from each other.
As a result, the volume of matter increases, and the
matter expands.
When a matter
is cooled
, the atoms in it loses heat energy.
Atoms will
move slowly
and become
closer
to each other.
As a result, the volume of matter decreases and the matter
contracts.
Importance of application of expansion and contraction of matter
Mercury in the thermometer
The mercury in the thermometer will expand when hot and will contract when cold
This enables the temperature to be measured
Electric and telephone cables
Cables are mounted loosely to prevent them from snapping when they contract in cold weather
Railway tracks
Railway tracks are built with gaps between the tracks to allow expansion during hot weather
The gaps prevent the railway tracks from bending
Concrete slabs on pavements
Concrete slabs are arranged with gaps in between them to allow expansion during hot weather.
This will prevent the concrete slabs from cracking.
Temperature And Heat
Temperature is a
physical quantity that indicates the internal energy
of a body, object or environment in general. Heat is the
exchange of thermal energy between two bodies that have different temperatures
. Heat flows from high-temperature areas to low-temperature areas.
6.1
Temperature And Heat
Heat is a form of
energy that is transferred because there is a difference in temperature
A material will become hotter when it receives heat, and will become colder when it loses heat
Heat
cannot be seen
but its presence
can be felt
.
Heat moves as
energy waves
, similar to other types of energy
Heat
can change the state of a substance
when the substance is heated or cooled
Heat can be released through chemical reaction. Heat is released together with other types of energy such as light.
Temperature
Temperature is a
degree of measurement for hotness or coldness in a substance.
The temperature is measured using a
thermometer.
The standard unit of temperature is degrees Celsius (symbol: ºC)
There are also other units of temperature measurement, namely degrees Fahrenheit (ºF) and degrees Kelvin (K).
Thermometer
The liquid in the thermometer will expand or shrink when exposed to different ambient temperatures
As the temperature of the substance decreases, the level of the liquid in the thermometer will decrease as the liquid shrinks
As the temperature of the substance increases, the level of the liquid in the realm of the thermometer will increase as the liquid expands
The correct techniques to measure temperature:
Hold the thermometer
upright
at the upper stem.
Do not hold the bulb
because the heat from our body will affect the temperature reading.
Immerse the bulb
in the water. Do not let the bulb of the thermometer to touch the bottom or the sides of the container.
When taking a reading, place
your eyes at the same level of the meniscus of the liquid
in the thermometer.
Expansion and contraction of matter
Matter is made of small particles called
atoms
. It exists as
solids, liquids,
and
gases.
When a matter is
heated
, it gains heat.
Heat energy causes the
atoms to move faster.
The atoms begin to
move away
from each other.
As a result, the volume of matter increases, and the
matter expands.
When a matter
is cooled
, the atoms in it loses heat energy.
Atoms will
move slowly
and become
closer
to each other.
As a result, the volume of matter decreases and the matter
contracts.
Importance of application of expansion and contraction of matter
Mercury in the thermometer
The mercury in the thermometer will expand when hot and will contract when cold
This enables the temperature to be measured
Electric and telephone cables
Cables are mounted loosely to prevent them from snapping when they contract in cold weather
Railway tracks
Railway tracks are built with gaps between the tracks to allow expansion during hot weather
The gaps prevent the railway tracks from bending
Concrete slabs on pavements
Concrete slabs are arranged with gaps in between them to allow expansion during hot weather.
This will prevent the concrete slabs from cracking.
Chapter : Heat
Topic : Heat and Temperature
Year 5
Science
View all notes for Science Year 5
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