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| Hormonal imbalances can occur in humans when endocrine glands secrete hormones less or more than normal quantity. |
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Growth hormone
The effect of deficiency: Dwarfism
The effect of over secretion: Gigantism
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Thyroxine
The effect of deficiency: Cretinism, hypothyroidism and myxedema
The effect of over secretion: Hyperthyroidism
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Insulin
The effect of deficiency: Diabetes Mellitus and high sugar in the blood
The effect of over secretion: low sugar in the blood, dizzy, irregular and high heart rate
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Antidiuretic hormone (ADH)
The effect of deficiency: Diabetes insipidus and body lose more water
The effect of over secretion:
Kidneys reabsorbed more water and produce less urine,
Accumulation of water in the body leads to oedema
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Cortisol
The effect of deficiency: Addison disease
The effect of over secretion: Cushing syndrome
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Aldosterone
The effect of deficiency: Reduces Na+ ion; more water been removed from kidneys and lowers the blood pressure
The effect of over secretion: Increases Na+ ion; increases water reabsorption in kidneys; increases the blood pressure
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Androgen
The effect of deficiency: Inhibit reproductive organ in adult
The effect of over secretion: Early physical maturity in children
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Adrenaline
The effect of deficiency: Disrupt body's ability to face fight and flight
The effect of over secretion:
Increase blood pressure
Increases blood sugar level; causing the glucose to be secreted in the urine
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Glucagon
The effect of deficiency: Fatigue
The effect of over secretion: Hyperactive
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Progesterone
The effect of deficiency: Miscarriage
The effect of over secretion: Prevent contraction of uterus muscles during birth
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Oestrogen
The effect of deficiency: Prevent the development of secondary sexual characteristics in female
The effect of over secretion: Cause edema and pre-menstruation syndrome
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The effect of deficiency:
Prevent the development of secondary sexual characteristics in male
Cause erectile dysfunction, loss of muscle tension
The effect of over secretion:
Hair loss, edema, increase in muscle mass, liver disease, increase blood pressure, and cholesterol level
Reduce fertility
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