Biodiversity

Biodiversity

8.2

Biodiversity

Concept of Biodiversity

Biodiversity can be divided into three types: genetic diversity, species diversity and ecosystem diversity.

Types of Biodiversity

Ecosytem Diversity

Refers to various types of ecosystem create various habitats for organisms.
Example:
- Tropical forests.
- Mangrove forests.
- Rivers.
- Marine.

Species Diversity

Refers to various organisms with different species that lives in a particular ecosystem.
Example:
- Seaweedes.
- Corals.
- Lobster.
- Crabs.
- Sharks.

Genetic Diversity

Various genetic combinations that existed in a species.
Examples:
- Population of grouper fish with various genetic combination.

Importance of Ecosystem Diversity

To have various habitats for organisms.
To balance biogeochemical cycles such as carbon cycle and water cycle.
To provide various food sources for humans and other organsims.
To provide sources of medicine,research and construction for humans.
Places for recreational activities.
To give aesthetic value to humans.

Importance of Species Diversity

To provide various food sources for humans and other organisms.
To provide sources of medicine, research and construction for humans.
To have an equilibrium interspecific interaction in an ecosystem.

Importance of Genetic Diversity

To have a species which consists of different genetic combination.
To provide research source to humans.
To increase variations of a species.
To increase survival of a species.

Phylogenetic Tree

Phylogeny means the evolutionary history of a species or a group of organisms that are genetically linked.
A phylogenetic tree is a diagram that represents hypotheses on evolutionary relationships among a group of organisms.
Phylogenetic classification is the classification system that shows the evolutionary relationship and history of the studied organism.
Phylogenetic classification is now used in many modern classification systems. In phylogenetic classification, classification is done using a homologous structure.
- A homologous structure refers to a structure (body parts or body anatomy) that can be observed across multiple organisms which share the same ancestor even though the function of the structure may differ from one organism to another.
Despite the differences in function, it is clear that the limbs of the four animals originate from one common ancestor.
The evolutionary relationship and history between different types of species can be depicted via a phylogenetic tree.
The branches in a phylogenetic tree show how a species or a group of organisms diverge from the same ancestor.

Biodiversity

8.2

Biodiversity

Concept of Biodiversity

Biodiversity can be divided into three types: genetic diversity, species diversity and ecosystem diversity.

Types of Biodiversity

Ecosytem Diversity

Refers to various types of ecosystem create various habitats for organisms.
Example:
- Tropical forests.
- Mangrove forests.
- Rivers.
- Marine.

Species Diversity

Refers to various organisms with different species that lives in a particular ecosystem.
Example:
- Seaweedes.
- Corals.
- Lobster.
- Crabs.
- Sharks.

Genetic Diversity

Various genetic combinations that existed in a species.
Examples:
- Population of grouper fish with various genetic combination.

Importance of Ecosystem Diversity

To have various habitats for organisms.
To balance biogeochemical cycles such as carbon cycle and water cycle.
To provide various food sources for humans and other organsims.
To provide sources of medicine,research and construction for humans.
Places for recreational activities.
To give aesthetic value to humans.

Importance of Species Diversity

To provide various food sources for humans and other organisms.
To provide sources of medicine, research and construction for humans.
To have an equilibrium interspecific interaction in an ecosystem.

Importance of Genetic Diversity

To have a species which consists of different genetic combination.
To provide research source to humans.
To increase variations of a species.
To increase survival of a species.

Phylogenetic Tree

Phylogeny means the evolutionary history of a species or a group of organisms that are genetically linked.
A phylogenetic tree is a diagram that represents hypotheses on evolutionary relationships among a group of organisms.
Phylogenetic classification is the classification system that shows the evolutionary relationship and history of the studied organism.
Phylogenetic classification is now used in many modern classification systems. In phylogenetic classification, classification is done using a homologous structure.
- A homologous structure refers to a structure (body parts or body anatomy) that can be observed across multiple organisms which share the same ancestor even though the function of the structure may differ from one organism to another.
Despite the differences in function, it is clear that the limbs of the four animals originate from one common ancestor.
The evolutionary relationship and history between different types of species can be depicted via a phylogenetic tree.
The branches in a phylogenetic tree show how a species or a group of organisms diverge from the same ancestor.