Chapter 6: Light and Optics
What you need to learn in this chapter
In this chapter, we will be learning about light and optics. We will start by understanding the phenomenon of refraction of light and the concept of refractive index, which measures how much light bends when it passes through different mediums. Next, we will explore total internal reflection, which occurs when light is completely reflected back into a medium instead of being refracted out. We will also learn about the critical angle and its relationship with the refractive index. Moving on, we will study image formation by lenses, specifically convex lenses that converge light and concave lenses that diverge light. We will learn how to estimate the focal length of a convex lens using a far object. Lastly, we will delve into the thin lens formula, conducting experiments to understand the relationship between object distance and image distance for a convex lens, as well as determining the focal length of a thin lens using the lens formula. We will also solve problems involving thin lens formulas for both convex and concave lenses.
Topics in this chapter
1. Refraction of Light
What you will learn in this topic
- Describes the phenomenon of refraction of light
- Explain the refractive index, n
- Understand the concept of Snell Law
- Experiment in determining the refractive index, n of a glass block or a perspect
- Explain the real depth and apparent depth
- Experiment in determining the refractive indexes by using real depth and apparent depth
- Solve problems related to refraction of light
2. Total Internal Reflection
What you will learn in this topic
- Describe the critical angle and total internal reflection
- Relate the critical angle with the refractive index
- Communicate to describe the natural phenomena and applications of total internal reflection in daily life
- Solve problems that involving total internal reflection
3. Image Formation by Lens
What you will learn in this topic
- Identify convex lenses as converging lenses and concave lenses as diverging lenses
- Estimate the focal length of a convex lens using a far object
- Determine the image position and image characteristics formed by: (i) convex lens (ii) concave lens
- State the linear magnification, m
4. Thin Lens Formula
What you will learn in this topic
- Experiment to: (i) study the relationship between object distance, u and image distance, v for a convex lens. (ii) determine the focal length of the thin lens by using the lens Formula
- Solve problems involving thin lens formulas for convex and concave lenses
5. Optical Devices
What you will learn in this topic
- Justify the use of lenses in optical devices such as magnifying lenses, microscopes and telescopes
- Design and construct microscopes and telescopes
- Communicate to describe the application of small size lenses in optical devices technology
6. Image Formation by Spherical Mirror
What you will learn in this topic
- Determine the image position and image characteristics formed by: (i) concave mirror (ii) convex mirror
- Communicate in describing the application of concave and convex mirrors in life
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