Homeostasis in Living Things

 
3.1  Homeostasis in Living Things
 
Definition
Homeostasis refers to the maintenance of the internal environment in the body of an organism
 
Homeostatic Control Process
 
 

The importance of homeostasis in the human body:

  • Regulation of water 
  • Regulation of body temperature
 
Regulation of Water Content
 
 
Regulation of Body Temperature
 

Suhu normal \((37^\circ\text{C})\)

 
 
The condition of skin layer during higher and lower surrounding temperature:
 
Higher surrounding temperature
  • Sweat glands produce more sweat to cool the skin when sweat is evaporated.
  • Hairs lie flat to reduce air trapped on the skin so that heat can be released easily.
  • Blood vessels dilate to let more blood flow close to the skin to increase heat loss
 
Lower surrounding temperature
  • Erect hairs trap a layer
    of air that acts as a heat insulator.
  • Blood vessels constrict to let more blood flow away from the skin to reduce heat loss.

 

 
Homeostasis in Animals
 
Example of animals Ways of homeostasis
Cat Lick fur to reduce body temperature
Dog Hang the tongue to reduce body temperature
Lizard

Cold surrounding

  • Body activities become slower
  • Muscles function more slowly
  • Movements become slower
  • Metabolism rate decreases
  • Body temperature decreases

Hot surrounding

  • The heart beats faster
  • Movements become faster
  •  Metabolism rate increases
  •  Body temperature increases
Snail Produces fluid and looks for humid places to reduce water loss.
Bee Closes spiracles between two breathing movements to reduce water loss.
 
 
Homeostasis in Plants
 
Definition

Transpiration is the water from leaves in the form of water vapour to the surrounding through stoma.

 
  • Transpiration helps plants to absorb and carry water and minerals from the soil to all parts of the plant.
  • Evaporation of water from the leaves cools the plant during hot days.
 
Definition
Stoma is guard cells control the opening and closing of stoma
 

During the day: stoma opens to enable more water to be evaporated from the leaves through transpiration.

 

During high temperature: stoma closes to reduce water evaporated from the leaves through transpiration.

 
 

The importance of homeostasis to humans and living things:

  • Provide the optimum conditions in the body
  • The internal environment in the body is regulated and maintained in a balanced and stable condition.

Homeostasis in Living Things

 
3.1  Homeostasis in Living Things
 
Definition
Homeostasis refers to the maintenance of the internal environment in the body of an organism
 
Homeostatic Control Process
 
 

The importance of homeostasis in the human body:

  • Regulation of water 
  • Regulation of body temperature
 
Regulation of Water Content
 
 
Regulation of Body Temperature
 

Suhu normal \((37^\circ\text{C})\)

 
 
The condition of skin layer during higher and lower surrounding temperature:
 
Higher surrounding temperature
  • Sweat glands produce more sweat to cool the skin when sweat is evaporated.
  • Hairs lie flat to reduce air trapped on the skin so that heat can be released easily.
  • Blood vessels dilate to let more blood flow close to the skin to increase heat loss
 
Lower surrounding temperature
  • Erect hairs trap a layer
    of air that acts as a heat insulator.
  • Blood vessels constrict to let more blood flow away from the skin to reduce heat loss.

 

 
Homeostasis in Animals
 
Example of animals Ways of homeostasis
Cat Lick fur to reduce body temperature
Dog Hang the tongue to reduce body temperature
Lizard

Cold surrounding

  • Body activities become slower
  • Muscles function more slowly
  • Movements become slower
  • Metabolism rate decreases
  • Body temperature decreases

Hot surrounding

  • The heart beats faster
  • Movements become faster
  •  Metabolism rate increases
  •  Body temperature increases
Snail Produces fluid and looks for humid places to reduce water loss.
Bee Closes spiracles between two breathing movements to reduce water loss.
 
 
Homeostasis in Plants
 
Definition

Transpiration is the water from leaves in the form of water vapour to the surrounding through stoma.

 
  • Transpiration helps plants to absorb and carry water and minerals from the soil to all parts of the plant.
  • Evaporation of water from the leaves cools the plant during hot days.
 
Definition
Stoma is guard cells control the opening and closing of stoma
 

During the day: stoma opens to enable more water to be evaporated from the leaves through transpiration.

 

During high temperature: stoma closes to reduce water evaporated from the leaves through transpiration.

 
 

The importance of homeostasis to humans and living things:

  • Provide the optimum conditions in the body
  • The internal environment in the body is regulated and maintained in a balanced and stable condition.