The factor that influences thermionic emission:

1. The temperature of the cathode
   • As the temperature of the cathode increases, the rate of thermionic emission increases.
2. The surface area of the cathode
   • As the surface area of ​​the cathode increases, the rate of thermionic emission increases.
3. The potential difference between anode and cathode
   • As the potential difference between the anode and the cathode increases, the electron velocity increases, causing the electron beam to accelerate.
4. The type of cathode
   • Made of tungsten.
5. Cathode plating

   • Barium oxide, strontium oxide

     (lower the temperature for the beam)

The characteristics of cathode rays:

1. Move-in a straight line at high velocity.
2. Has momentum and kinetic energy.

3. Kinetic energy \(\rightarrow\) light energy when an electron hits a fluorescent screen.

4. Produces X-rays when exposed to heavy metals.

5. Charged –ve.

6. Can be deflected by magnetic field (Fleming left hand).

The factor that influences thermionic emission:

1. The temperature of the cathode
   • As the temperature of the cathode increases, the rate of thermionic emission increases.
2. The surface area of the cathode
   • As the surface area of ​​the cathode increases, the rate of thermionic emission increases.
3. The potential difference between anode and cathode
   • As the potential difference between the anode and the cathode increases, the electron velocity increases, causing the electron beam to accelerate.
4. The type of cathode
   • Made of tungsten.
5. Cathode plating

   • Barium oxide, strontium oxide

     (lower the temperature for the beam)

The characteristics of cathode rays:

1. Move-in a straight line at high velocity.
2. Has momentum and kinetic energy.

3. Kinetic energy \(\rightarrow\) light energy when an electron hits a fluorescent screen.

4. Produces X-rays when exposed to heavy metals.

5. Charged –ve.

6. Can be deflected by magnetic field (Fleming left hand).