Download App
Google Android
Apple iOS
Huawei
English
English
Malay
Guest
Login
Register
Home
Quiz
Battle
Practice
Class
Classes List
Timetable
Assignments
Learn
Learning Hub
Quick Notes
Videos
Experiments
Textbooks
Login
Register
Download App
Google Android
Apple iOS
Huawei
EN
MS
Learn
Quick Notes
List
Ionic Bond
Ionic Bond
5.2
Ionic Bond
Formation of Ion
Is formed by the transfer of electrons between a metal atom and a non-metal atom.
Formation of Ion
Atoms are neutral if the number of protons is equal to the number of electrons.
The formation of an ion happens when the atom donates or receives electron(s).
There are two types of ions
Positive ion
Also known as a cation.
Formed when an electron is being donated from a neutral atom.
The number of protons is more than the number of electrons.
\(X \rightarrow X^{n+} + ne^-\)
Negative ion
Also known as an anion.
Formed when an electron is being received to a neutral atom.
The number of protons is less than the number of electrons.
\(Y + me^- \rightarrow Y^{m-}\)
If X and Y react to each other:
\(X^{n+} + Y^{m-} \rightarrow X_mY_n\)
In general, metals are mostly positive ions, and non-metals are negative ions.
The positive ions are usually from group 1, 2 and 13.
The positive ion will donate electron(s) from the valence shell in order to achieve the stable duplet or octet arrangement.
Formation of Ionic Bond
Sodium chloride is an example of an ionic compound.
Sodium has an electron arrangement of 2.8.12.8.1.
In order for the atom to gain a stable octet arrangement, the atom has to donate the valence electron.
Chloride has an electron arrangement of 2.8.72.8.7.
In order for the atom to gain a stable octet arrangement, the atom has to receive one electron.
When the sodium atom donates the electron to the chloride, then the ionic bond is formed because of the electrostatic forces between the two ions.
The substance is now is called sodium chloride.
The equation is:
\(Na^+ + Cl^- \rightarrow NaCl\)
Ionic Bond
5.2
Ionic Bond
Formation of Ion
Is formed by the transfer of electrons between a metal atom and a non-metal atom.
Formation of Ion
Atoms are neutral if the number of protons is equal to the number of electrons.
The formation of an ion happens when the atom donates or receives electron(s).
There are two types of ions
Positive ion
Also known as a cation.
Formed when an electron is being donated from a neutral atom.
The number of protons is more than the number of electrons.
\(X \rightarrow X^{n+} + ne^-\)
Negative ion
Also known as an anion.
Formed when an electron is being received to a neutral atom.
The number of protons is less than the number of electrons.
\(Y + me^- \rightarrow Y^{m-}\)
If X and Y react to each other:
\(X^{n+} + Y^{m-} \rightarrow X_mY_n\)
In general, metals are mostly positive ions, and non-metals are negative ions.
The positive ions are usually from group 1, 2 and 13.
The positive ion will donate electron(s) from the valence shell in order to achieve the stable duplet or octet arrangement.
Formation of Ionic Bond
Sodium chloride is an example of an ionic compound.
Sodium has an electron arrangement of 2.8.12.8.1.
In order for the atom to gain a stable octet arrangement, the atom has to donate the valence electron.
Chloride has an electron arrangement of 2.8.72.8.7.
In order for the atom to gain a stable octet arrangement, the atom has to receive one electron.
When the sodium atom donates the electron to the chloride, then the ionic bond is formed because of the electrostatic forces between the two ions.
The substance is now is called sodium chloride.
The equation is:
\(Na^+ + Cl^- \rightarrow NaCl\)
Chapter : Chemical Bonds
Topic : Ionic Bond
Form 4
Chemistry
View all notes for Chemistry Form 4
Related notes
Basic Formation of Compounds
Covalent Bond
Hydrogen Bond
Dative Bond
Metallic Bond
Ionic and Covalent Compounds
Development in Chemistry Field
Scientific Investigation in Chemistry
Usage, Management and Handling of Apparatus and Materials
Basic Concept of Matter
Report this note
Quiz Battle
Challenge your friend in timed Quiz battle
Learn more
Register for a free Pandai account now
Edit content
×
Loading...
Quiz
Videos
Notes
Account