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PREPOSITION
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Preposition is a word or group of words used before a noun, pronoun, or noun phrase to show direction, time, place, location, spatial relationships, or to introduce an object. |
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| 1.1 |
PREPOSTION OF LOCATION |
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We use prepositions of location to show us where an object is which are as below:
On, above, beneath, under, underneath, out, in front of, at the back of, behind, in, inside, outside, in the centre of, in the middle of, down, up, beside, near, at, between, among, below.
For example:
- After weeks at sea, it was wonderful to feel firm ground beneath our feet once more.
- Standing between the two adults was a small child.
- As hard as she tried, she always fell behind the other swimmers in the races.
- I was standing just near enough to hear what they were saying.
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| 1.2 |
PREPOSITION OF DIRECTION |
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We use preposition of direction to show us where an object is moving which are as below:
To, from, over, into, out of, round, up, down, through, towards, upwards, downwards, across.
For example:
- He struggled through the crowd till he reached the front.
- She held the umbrella over both of us.
- She kept glancing towards the phone.
- They're building a new bridge across the river.
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| 1.3 |
PREPOSITION OF PLACE AND TIME |
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'Over' and 'among' are prepositions of place. |
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'Over' is used for movement from one side to another, normally in an upward direction or across something.
For example:
- Fakrullah glanced at the clock over the door.
- The aeroplane flew over the building.
- The trees' branches intertwined to form a dark roof over the path.
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'Among' is used when and object is surrounded by other objects.
For example:
- The sailors divided his money among themselves.
- I saw a few familiar faces among the crowd.
- The cost should be shared equally among the three of you.
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'At' is used to:
a. Preposition of place:
i. shows the exact location and specific address.
For example:
- My house is at No. 12, Jalan Prima.
- Erman is standing at the railway station.
b. Preposition of time:
i. shows a specific time.
For example:
- School starts at 7.30 every morning.
- In theory, women can still have children at the age of 50.
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'On' is used to:
a. Preposition of place:
i. shows position on a street or road.
ii. shows position on a surface.
For example:
- We parked the car on Fifth Avenue.
- The coins are on the floor.
- Kamil lives on Pangkor Island.
b. Preposition of time:
i. shows a day or date.
For example:
- The Safety Campaign will commence on Wednesday.
- I was born on 12th January.
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'In' is used to:
a. Preposition of place:
i. refer to an enclosed area.
For example:
- My uncle is in his bedroom.
b. Preposition of time:
i. shows a time frame.
ii. shows part of the day.
For example:
- The train leaves in an hour.
- I heard a commotion early in the morning.
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| 1.4 |
PREPOSITION OF POSITION |
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'Along' and 'against' are prepositions of position. They show the location of a person, an object or an animal. |
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a. We use 'along' for things that are placed from one end to the other.
For example:
- Flowers are planted along the road.
b. 'Along' is also used when someone or something is moving in a constant direction.
For example:
- The couple enjoyed walking along the beach.
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a. We use 'against' when someone or something is pressing on another object.
For example:
- Samy is leaning against the wall.
b. 'Against' is also used to talk about the physical contact made by two objects.
For example:
- The waves are crashing against the cliffs.
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