Noun

     
 

NOUN

 
     
  Nouns are naming words for people, places, things and animals.  
     
     
     
 
1.1   COMMON NOUNS AND PROPER NOUNS
 
     
  Nouns can be grouped as common nouns and proper nouns.  
     
 

a. Common Nouns

Definition: Words for people, places, things and animals in general.

For example: 

- girl (people)

- cat (animal)

- mountain (place)

- computer (thing)

 
     
 

b. Proper Nouns

Definition: A special name for a person, an animal, a place or a thing.

For example:

- Sarah (people)

- Angel (animal)

- Mount Everest (place)

- Macbook (thing)

 
     
  Tip! Proper nouns must begin with capital letters.  
     
     
     
 
1.2   COUNTABLE AND UNCOUNTABLE NOUNS
 
     
  a. Countable nouns are nouns that can be counted.  
     
 

i. Singular Nouns

Definition: Nouns with one object.

For example:

- One cup

- A bicycle

An apple

 
     
 

ii. Plural Nouns

Definition: Nouns with more than one object.

For example:

- Six cups

- Two bicycles

- Four books

 
     
     
 

Add '-s' to singular nouns to change them into plural forms.

For example:

i. boy - boys

ii. tree - trees

iii. house - houses

iv. car - cars

 
     
 

Add '-es' to words that end in '-s', '-x', '-sh' or '-ch'.

For example:

i. glass - glasses

ii. box - boxes

iii. brush - brushes

iv. match - matches

 
     
 

b. Uncountable nouns are nouns that cannot be counted.

For example:

- Flour, hair, milk, rice, etc.

 
     
     
     
 
1.3   GENDER
 
     
  Gender is a category of noun. There are four types of genders.  
     
 

a. Masculine Gender

- The names of all male persons or animals are said to be of the Masculine Gender.

For example:

- Man, actor, uncle, hero, king, lion etc.

 
     
 

b. Feminine Gender

- The names of all female persons or animals are said to be of the Feminine Gender.

For example:

- Woman, aunt, daughter, actress, queen, lioness etc.

 
     
 

c. Neuter Gender

- Things without life cannot be distinguished either as male or female; hence the names of such things are said to be of the Neuter Gender.

For example:

- House, knife, tree, chair, table, book, ball etc.

 
     
 

d. Common Gender

- Names that can be used for both males and females are said to be of the Common Gender.

For example:

- Child, parent, student etc.

 
     
  EXTRA NOTES  
     
 

a. Though Collective Nouns refer to living-beings but are used as Neuter-Noun.

For example:

The army is called to tackle the situation.

 
     
  b. Objects known for their power, strength, and violence are used as Masculine Gender Noun

For example:

The death is cruel. He is as certain as tomorrow.

 
     
 

c. Objects known for their beauty, gentleness and grace are used as Feminine Gender Noun.

For example:

The earth is a unique planet. Her beauty is adorable.

 
     
 

d. We refer to an animal as it when we are unsure of its gender.

For example:

It is a crocodile.

 
     
 

e. We refer to our pets as she or he because we love our pets.

For example:

Sammy is my dog. He is a great companion.

 
     

Noun

     
 

NOUN

 
     
  Nouns are naming words for people, places, things and animals.  
     
     
     
 
1.1   COMMON NOUNS AND PROPER NOUNS
 
     
  Nouns can be grouped as common nouns and proper nouns.  
     
 

a. Common Nouns

Definition: Words for people, places, things and animals in general.

For example: 

- girl (people)

- cat (animal)

- mountain (place)

- computer (thing)

 
     
 

b. Proper Nouns

Definition: A special name for a person, an animal, a place or a thing.

For example:

- Sarah (people)

- Angel (animal)

- Mount Everest (place)

- Macbook (thing)

 
     
  Tip! Proper nouns must begin with capital letters.  
     
     
     
 
1.2   COUNTABLE AND UNCOUNTABLE NOUNS
 
     
  a. Countable nouns are nouns that can be counted.  
     
 

i. Singular Nouns

Definition: Nouns with one object.

For example:

- One cup

- A bicycle

An apple

 
     
 

ii. Plural Nouns

Definition: Nouns with more than one object.

For example:

- Six cups

- Two bicycles

- Four books

 
     
     
 

Add '-s' to singular nouns to change them into plural forms.

For example:

i. boy - boys

ii. tree - trees

iii. house - houses

iv. car - cars

 
     
 

Add '-es' to words that end in '-s', '-x', '-sh' or '-ch'.

For example:

i. glass - glasses

ii. box - boxes

iii. brush - brushes

iv. match - matches

 
     
 

b. Uncountable nouns are nouns that cannot be counted.

For example:

- Flour, hair, milk, rice, etc.

 
     
     
     
 
1.3   GENDER
 
     
  Gender is a category of noun. There are four types of genders.  
     
 

a. Masculine Gender

- The names of all male persons or animals are said to be of the Masculine Gender.

For example:

- Man, actor, uncle, hero, king, lion etc.

 
     
 

b. Feminine Gender

- The names of all female persons or animals are said to be of the Feminine Gender.

For example:

- Woman, aunt, daughter, actress, queen, lioness etc.

 
     
 

c. Neuter Gender

- Things without life cannot be distinguished either as male or female; hence the names of such things are said to be of the Neuter Gender.

For example:

- House, knife, tree, chair, table, book, ball etc.

 
     
 

d. Common Gender

- Names that can be used for both males and females are said to be of the Common Gender.

For example:

- Child, parent, student etc.

 
     
  EXTRA NOTES  
     
 

a. Though Collective Nouns refer to living-beings but are used as Neuter-Noun.

For example:

The army is called to tackle the situation.

 
     
  b. Objects known for their power, strength, and violence are used as Masculine Gender Noun

For example:

The death is cruel. He is as certain as tomorrow.

 
     
 

c. Objects known for their beauty, gentleness and grace are used as Feminine Gender Noun.

For example:

The earth is a unique planet. Her beauty is adorable.

 
     
 

d. We refer to an animal as it when we are unsure of its gender.

For example:

It is a crocodile.

 
     
 

e. We refer to our pets as she or he because we love our pets.

For example:

Sammy is my dog. He is a great companion.