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  4. Investigate factors affecting the rate of reactions through experiment, based on: (i) size of reactants, (ii) concentration, (iii) temperature, and (iv) use of catalyst

Factors Affecting the Rate of Reaction

 
7.2 Factors Affecting the Rate of Reaction
 
This image is an infographic titled ‘Factors Affecting the Rate of Reaction.’ It features a light bulb icon in the center with a checkmark inside it. Surrounding the light bulb are five factors, each represented by a numbered box with text and connected to the light bulb by arrows. The factors are: 1. Size of the reactant 2. The concentration of the reactant 3. Temperature of reaction 4. Catalyst 5. Pressure The infographic is branded with the ‘Pandai’ logo in the bottom right corner. The overall design uses a blue and white color scheme.
 
Factors Affecting the Rate of Reaction
Size of the Reactabt 
  • Affect the rate of reaction of the reactants that are in solid form.
  • The smaller the size of the reactant, the larger the exposed total surface area, thus the rate of reaction is higher.
The image consists of two diagrams of cubes. (i) The first diagram shows a single large cube with each side labeled as 4 cm. (ii) The second diagram shows a larger cube composed of eight smaller cubes, each with a side length of 2 cm. The larger cube is formed by arranging the smaller cubes in a 2x2x2 configuration. \(\text{Area of surfaces}\\ = \text{4 cm} \times \text{4 cm} \times 6\\ = \text{96 cm}^2\)
\(\text{Area of surfaces}\\ = \text{2 cm} \times \text{2 cm} \times 6 \times 8\\ = \text{192 cm}^2\)

 
The Concentration of the Reactant
  • Affect the rate of reaction of the reactants that are in the solution or liquid form.
  • The higher the concentration of the solution, the higher the number of particles per unit volume, the higher the rate of reaction.
Temperature of Reaction
  • The higher the temperature of the reaction, the higher the kinetic energy of the particles.
  • This causes the particles to move faster, thus the rate of reaction increases.
  • Related to collision theory.
Catalyst
  • Catalyst is a substance that can change the rate of a chemical reaction.
  • Characteristics of a catalyst;
    • Remains unchanged chemically or quantitatively.
    • Does not change the amount of product.
    • Only a small amount is needed.
    • Can increase the rate of reaction.
    • The action of the catalyst is specific.
Pressure
  • Affect the rate of reaction of the reactants that are in the gas state.
  • The increasing pressure makes the gas denser.
  • The higher the pressure, the higher the rate of reaction.
 
Application of Factors that Affecting the Rate of Reaction
Size of the Reactant
  • Cut the chicken into smaller pieces before cooking.
  • The action of medicine is faster for the smaller medicine tablets.
The Concentration of the Reactant
  • Corrosion by acid rain.
  • Combustion of gasoline in a car engine.
Temperature of Reaction
  • Dissolve sugar in hot water.
  • Washing clothes is more efficient in warm water.
Catalyst
  • The use of vanadium(V) oxide in the Contact process.
Pressure
  • Cooking meat in a pressure cooker.
 

 

 

 

 

 

The views expressed in the notes here are those of the contributor and don’t necessarily represent the views of pandai.

Factors Affecting the Rate of Reaction

 
7.2 Factors Affecting the Rate of Reaction
 
This image is an infographic titled ‘Factors Affecting the Rate of Reaction.’ It features a light bulb icon in the center with a checkmark inside it. Surrounding the light bulb are five factors, each represented by a numbered box with text and connected to the light bulb by arrows. The factors are: 1. Size of the reactant 2. The concentration of the reactant 3. Temperature of reaction 4. Catalyst 5. Pressure The infographic is branded with the ‘Pandai’ logo in the bottom right corner. The overall design uses a blue and white color scheme.
 
Factors Affecting the Rate of Reaction
Size of the Reactabt 
  • Affect the rate of reaction of the reactants that are in solid form.
  • The smaller the size of the reactant, the larger the exposed total surface area, thus the rate of reaction is higher.
The image consists of two diagrams of cubes. (i) The first diagram shows a single large cube with each side labeled as 4 cm. (ii) The second diagram shows a larger cube composed of eight smaller cubes, each with a side length of 2 cm. The larger cube is formed by arranging the smaller cubes in a 2x2x2 configuration. \(\text{Area of surfaces}\\ = \text{4 cm} \times \text{4 cm} \times 6\\ = \text{96 cm}^2\)
\(\text{Area of surfaces}\\ = \text{2 cm} \times \text{2 cm} \times 6 \times 8\\ = \text{192 cm}^2\)

 
The Concentration of the Reactant
  • Affect the rate of reaction of the reactants that are in the solution or liquid form.
  • The higher the concentration of the solution, the higher the number of particles per unit volume, the higher the rate of reaction.
Temperature of Reaction
  • The higher the temperature of the reaction, the higher the kinetic energy of the particles.
  • This causes the particles to move faster, thus the rate of reaction increases.
  • Related to collision theory.
Catalyst
  • Catalyst is a substance that can change the rate of a chemical reaction.
  • Characteristics of a catalyst;
    • Remains unchanged chemically or quantitatively.
    • Does not change the amount of product.
    • Only a small amount is needed.
    • Can increase the rate of reaction.
    • The action of the catalyst is specific.
Pressure
  • Affect the rate of reaction of the reactants that are in the gas state.
  • The increasing pressure makes the gas denser.
  • The higher the pressure, the higher the rate of reaction.
 
Application of Factors that Affecting the Rate of Reaction
Size of the Reactant
  • Cut the chicken into smaller pieces before cooking.
  • The action of medicine is faster for the smaller medicine tablets.
The Concentration of the Reactant
  • Corrosion by acid rain.
  • Combustion of gasoline in a car engine.
Temperature of Reaction
  • Dissolve sugar in hot water.
  • Washing clothes is more efficient in warm water.
Catalyst
  • The use of vanadium(V) oxide in the Contact process.
Pressure
  • Cooking meat in a pressure cooker.
 

 

 

 

 

 

The views expressed in the notes here are those of the contributor and don’t necessarily represent the views of pandai.
Chapter : Rate of Reaction
Topic : Investigate factors affecting the rate of reactions through experiment, based on: (i) size of reactants, (ii) concentration, (iii) temperature, and (iv) use of catalyst
Form 4 Chemistry
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