Investigate the relationship between pH value and the concentration of hydrogen and hydroxide ions through experiment

pH Value

6.2

pH Value

The pH Scale

The pH scale is a set of number that determines the degree of acidity or alkalinity of a substance.
The pH value would be:
- 7 for neutral substance.
- > 7 for alkaline substance (\(OH^- > H^+\))
- < 7 for acidic substance (\(H^+ > OH^-\))

\(\xleftarrow[]{\textbf{Acidity } \uparrow}\)							Neutral	\(\xrightarrow[]{\textbf{Alkalinity } \uparrow}\)
0	1	2	3	4	5	6	7	8	9	10	11	12	13	14

Definition of pH

a logarithmic measurement of the concentration of hydrogen ions, 𝐻+ contained in an aqueous solution.

Formula of pH

\(pH = -log[H^+]\)

Concentration of Hydroxide Ions, \(OH^-\)

Is used to calculate the pOH value.

Formula of pOH

\(pOH = -log[OH^-]\)

Hubungan pH dan pOH

\(pH + pOH=14\)

\(pH=14 - pOH\)

Relationship of pH value with Concentration of Hydrogen Ion and Hydroxide Ion

Relationship of concentration \(H^+\) with pH


Concentration \(H^+\)	\(\uparrow\),	pH value	\(\downarrow\)

Relationship of Concentration \(OH^-\) with pH


Concentration \(OH^-\)	\(\uparrow\),	pH value	\(\uparrow\)

Measurement of the pH Value of A Solution

Apparatus for Measuring pH Values

The image features a cartoon illustration of a person with a label above their head that reads ‘Apparatus to Measure pH Value.’ There are two arrows pointing downwards from the label to two boxes. The box on the left is labeled ‘Universal indicator,’ and the box on the right is labeled ‘pH meter.’ The logo ‘Pandai’ is present in the top left corner.

Universal Indicator

The universal indicator will change colour, and it indicates what the pH based on the colour produced is.
The universal indicator can be found in two forms; solution or paper strips.

pH Meter

The pH meter is an instrument that is used to measure the pH value of a solution accurately.
pH meter shows the number of the pH value in the screen.

The pH Value of Few Items in Daily LifeTested with the Universal Indicator
Material	pH Value
Battery	0
Gastric juice	1
Lemon	2
Vinegar	3
Tomato	4
Coffee	5
Milk	6
Water	7
Blood	8
Baking soda	9
Antacid	10
Ammonia solution	11
Soap	12
Bleach	13
Sewage pipe cleaner	14

pH Value

6.2

pH Value

The pH Scale

The pH scale is a set of number that determines the degree of acidity or alkalinity of a substance.
The pH value would be:
- 7 for neutral substance.
- > 7 for alkaline substance (\(OH^- > H^+\))
- < 7 for acidic substance (\(H^+ > OH^-\))

\(\xleftarrow[]{\textbf{Acidity } \uparrow}\)							Neutral	\(\xrightarrow[]{\textbf{Alkalinity } \uparrow}\)
0	1	2	3	4	5	6	7	8	9	10	11	12	13	14

Definition of pH

a logarithmic measurement of the concentration of hydrogen ions, 𝐻+ contained in an aqueous solution.

Formula of pH

\(pH = -log[H^+]\)

Concentration of Hydroxide Ions, \(OH^-\)

Is used to calculate the pOH value.

Formula of pOH

\(pOH = -log[OH^-]\)

Hubungan pH dan pOH

\(pH + pOH=14\)

\(pH=14 - pOH\)

Relationship of pH value with Concentration of Hydrogen Ion and Hydroxide Ion

Relationship of concentration \(H^+\) with pH


Concentration \(H^+\)	\(\uparrow\),	pH value	\(\downarrow\)

Relationship of Concentration \(OH^-\) with pH


Concentration \(OH^-\)	\(\uparrow\),	pH value	\(\uparrow\)

Measurement of the pH Value of A Solution

Apparatus for Measuring pH Values

Universal Indicator

The universal indicator will change colour, and it indicates what the pH based on the colour produced is.
The universal indicator can be found in two forms; solution or paper strips.

pH Meter

The pH meter is an instrument that is used to measure the pH value of a solution accurately.
pH meter shows the number of the pH value in the screen.

The pH Value of Few Items in Daily LifeTested with the Universal Indicator
Material	pH Value
Battery	0
Gastric juice	1
Lemon	2
Vinegar	3
Tomato	4
Coffee	5
Milk	6
Water	7
Blood	8
Baking soda	9
Antacid	10
Ammonia solution	11
Soap	12
Bleach	13
Sewage pipe cleaner	14

pH Value

pH Value

Chapter : Acids, Bases and Salts

Topic : Investigate the relationship between pH value and the concentration of hydrogen and hydroxide ions through experiment

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